Rabu, 30 April 2008
Pakistan's Planned Accord With Militants Alarms U.S.
From The International Herald Tribune:
WASHINGTON: Bush administration officials are expressing increasing alarm that a deal being negotiated between the new Pakistani government and militant tribes in the country's unruly border area will lead to further unraveling of security in the region.
Cross-border attacks into Afghanistan by militants based in Pakistan doubled in March from the same period a year ago and have not diminished in April, a Western military official said, while Pakistani counterinsurgency operations in the tribal areas have dropped sharply during the talks.
Read more ....
Update: U.S.: Al Qaeda Rebuilding In Pakistan -- CBS News
My Comment: Every time Pakistan has come to some agreement with one of its frontier provinces, the violence in Afghanistan doubles. This is a clear case of cause and effect, and portends that the conflict in Afghanistan will only increase.
A Vexing Reminder Of War In Chechnya's Booming Capital
From The International Herald Tribune:
GROZNY, Russia: The surprise lay under tiles in the basement of the kindergarten on Kadyrov Street, to be found by laborers toiling in the war zone-turned-construction site of Chechnya's capital city.
The bodies were exhumed and reburied with respect, though there was no pause in the banging of hammers and plastering of walls to accommodate a forensic study of the basement. That, human rights workers say, is nothing unusual in a city more or less at peace now, but with many grim basements and much rebuilding under way.
Read more ...
My Comment: After the massacre of almost 300 school children, parents, and teachers in Beslan, the legitimacy that Chechnyan's had for independence from the international community disappeared. Unfortunately for the average citizen of Chechnya, the pain from this conflict will not be gone for the next 50 years.
Iran And The U.S. -- Heading For War?
"Hostile" Iran Sparks U.S. Attack Plan -- CBS News
Will The U.S. And Iran Go To War At Sea? -- Newsweek
CIA Director Hayden Says Iran Wants Americans in Iraq Killed -- FOX News
Western Scientists Intrigued By Photos From Iran's Nuclear Site -- International Herald Tribune
Iran: Hillary Statement Too "Provocative" -- BBC News
My Comment: Some would say that Iran and the U.S. have been at war for a very long time..... all be it at a low intensity. How hot this conflict will become is difficult to say.
CIA's Hayden: Syria Was On Verge Of Becoming Nuclear Power
From The World Tribune:
WASHINGTON — The U.S. intelligence community, in an about-face from an assessment of less than a year ago, has concluded that Syria was close to becoming a nuclear power.
"In the course of a year after they got full up they would have produced enough plutonium for one or two weapons," CIA director Michael Hayden said.
The new assessment was that Syria was weeks away from operating a North Korean-built plutonium production plant near the Turkish border. That facility, the intelligence community assessed, could have produced up to two bombs in the first year of operation.
Read more ....
My Comment: A year ago they assessed that Syria was not interested in the development of nuclear weapons .... now we know that they were. Six months ago the CIA assessed that Iran is not developing nuclear weapons ..... should we believe them?
3,000 Troops Deployed In Mexican Drug Wars
From The Guardian:
A violent drug war in the Mexican city of Tijuana has prompted the deployment of more than 3,000 soldiers and federal police to regain control of the streets.
President Felipe Calderón stepped up the battle against the country's narcotics traffickers after 17 gunmen were killed in a street battle between cartels.
The move to bolster the region's law enforcement teams comes after several thousand troops and police already sent into the region to beef up security failed to stop the feuding.
Read more ....
My Comment: The war on our border that we never really hear about.
Selasa, 29 April 2008
Higher Food Prices, Riots, Shortages - What Is Going On?
Summary: Many factors are driving up food prices, but the elephant in the room is global inflation. This explains why prices are rising throughout the entire commodity complex (energy, industrial materials, precious metals, agriculture). Plus brief discussions of biofuels, long cycles of food prices, the role of government policy, and the likelihood of resource wars.
“Global Market Brief: Food Cost Crises”, Stratfor (13 March 2008) — Opening:
Global wheat prices rose by 83 percent at the outset of 2008 compared to 2007 prices. Soybean prices hit an all-time high of $14.22 a bushel in February, while corn prices rose to a 12-year high of $5.25 a bushel. The U.S. Department of Agriculture reports that global grain reserves have plummeted to the lowest level since 1960. Prices likely will not fall for some time; as a matter of fact, the International Food Policy Research Institute predicts that global cereal prices will be 10 to 20 percent higher by 2015.
I agree. We part company when it comes to the causes. (Bold emphasis added)
Read more ....
Update: Now It’s the $6 Loaf of Bread -- Newsweek
My Comment: Food, like energy, have always been strongly influenced by government policies. When times get rough .... governments have always implemented policies to enhance and/or super cede their past policies. In almost all cases this has always resulted in more shortages and higher prices. Will food become more expensive ... yes. If history is any indication, as long as food policy is dictated by government fiat and regulation, the price for food will always increase.
Rabu, 23 April 2008
Iraq War Updates -- April 23, 2008
Petraeus Picked To Lead Mideast Command -- Yahoo News
No. 2 US Commander Hopes al-Sadr Will Stop Attacks -- Yahoo News
Two Marines Killed In Suicide Bombing -- Washington Times
Baghdad Militia Clashes Kill 19 -- Yahoo News
Iraqi PM Wants to Secure Borders -- Time Magazine
Arab States Reluctant To Forgive Iraq Debt -- Washington Post
Iraq Continues Towards Reconciliation -- Hot Air
'Disneyland' Planned For Baghdad War Zone -- Times Online
Iraqis Turning In Mahdi Army Fighters -- Strata-Sphere
Why The Campaign Against Sadr? -- Belmont Club
Its Sucks To Be Sadr -- Strata Sphere
Rising Female Bombers in Iraq: An Alarming Trend -- Counter Terrorism Blog
Deep Background: Iraq Five Years On -- Austin Bay
The Real Surge Continues: Iraqi Army Corps Formation -- Long war Journal
Al Qaeda Decapitated in Iraq -- Strategy Page
al-Qaeda Cries For Help In Iraq -- Strata Sphere
Al-Qaeda Speaks -- Belmont Club
Afghanistan News Updates -- April 23, 2008
Gen. Petraeus Picked To Lead Iraq And Afghan Wars -- Reuters
Television Soap Operas Banned By Afghans -- The Telegraph
In Afghanistan, Insurgents Attacking Cellphone Network -- L.A. Times
Zimbabwe News Updates -- April 23, 2008
Zimbabwe Opposition Rejects Proposal For Unity Government Headed By Mugabe -- International Herald Tribune
Mugabe Accused Of Killing To Stay In Power -- Times Online
Zimbabwe Church Leaders Warn Of Genocide -- Times Online
Zimbabwe's Church Leaders Warn The World: Intervene To Avert Genocide -- Independent
Will Neighbors Save Zimbabwe? -- Time Magazine
Brown Calls For Zimbabwe Arms Embargo -- Guardian
Mugabe Isolated In Southern Africa As Arms Ship Barred From Ports -- Voice Of America
China: Netizens Defend Zimbabwe Arms Sales -- Global Voices Online
Zimbabwe Election Recount Finds Broken Seals On Ballot Boxes -- Telegraph
Zimbabwe Recount Futile, Monitors Warn -- Guardian
Children The Latest Victims Of Robert Mugabe's Onslaught -- The Telegraph
China Urged To Halt Arms Aid -- Washington Times
China May Recall Weapons Ship -- Washington Times
Miliband Calls On African Leaders To Isolate Mugabe -- Independent
Zimbabwe: It’s Not A Recount, It’s Robbery -- Austin Bay
My Comment: One of the many shames of Africa continues.
CIA To Describe North Korea-Syria Nuclear Ties
From the L.A. Times:
WASHINGTON -- CIA officials will tell Congress on Thursday that North Korea had been helping Syria build a plutonium-based nuclear reactor, a U.S. official said, a disclosure that could touch off new resistance to the administration's plan to ease sanctions on Pyongyang.
The CIA officials will tell lawmakers that they believe the reactor would have been capable of producing plutonium for nuclear weapons but was destroyed before it could do so, the U.S. official said, apparently referring to a suspicious installation in Syria that was bombed last year by Israeli warplanes.
Read more ...
My Comment: So much for the State Department trying to halt North Korea's nuclear program.
90 Killed In Fierce Battle In Sri Lanka
COLOMBO, Sri Lanka - Tamil rebels and government troops waged a fierce battle in northern Sri Lanka on Wednesday, killing 52 guerrillas and 38 soldiers in one of the deadliest clashes this year between the two sides, the military said.
The battle broke out early in the day, when rebel forces overran the front lines in the Muhamalai area of the Jaffna peninsula, north of the de facto rebel state, said military spokesman Brig. Udaya Nanayakkara.
Read more ...
Update From The BBC: 'Heavy Losses' In S Lanka Clashes
My Comment: This war has been unreported for the past few months. It appears to be heating up.
Tribal Rivalry 'Limits Al-Qa'eda Terror Plans'
From the Telegraph:
The mountainous region of Pakistan where al-Qa'eda's core leaders are believed to have regrouped is so riven by tribal conflict that it cannot be an effective base for waging global terrorism, according to a new study.
Al-Qa'eda's central figures, possibly including Osama bin Laden and Ayman al-Zawahiri, his Egyptian deputy, are thought to have taken refuge in North and South Waziristan.
The tribal areas on Pakistan's north-west frontier have complete autonomy and a long history of Islamist militancy. Western governments believe they have become havens for "core al-Qa'eda", allowing them to regroup and prepare more attacks.
Read more ....
Update: A story that contradicts the Telegraph is from Newsweek: The Rise Of Jihadistan
My Comment: Hmmmm ...... if it is such a lousy place to put a base ...... why are they there?
A Different Perspective On The Present World Food Crisis
From Austin Bay:
Food riots in Cameroon, Egypt, and the Ivory Coast. Haitian anger over rice prices topples a prime minister.
This week the “food crisis” rates scare headlines — but the problem is an old one and no surprise.
For numerous reasons, but especially the wildcard of biofuels and how they affect global food prices, this subject is an excellent subject for another Consequences video.
From this week’s Creators Syndicate column (via StrategyPage):
…(corn) Prices have increased for numerous, complex and often opaquely connected reasons, but producing ethanol “biofuel” (an alleged “green” alternative to gasoline) certainly contributes to the rising demand for corn…
Read more ....
My Comment: These is more than enough land with the proper use of technology and government policies to feed the world. Hunger has almost always been a product of politics.
Update: More from Instapundit
Darfur Dead 'Could Number 300,000'
From The Guardian:
The total number of deaths in the Sudanese region of Darfur could have risen to 300,000 in the five years since violence broke out, according to new figures from a top United Nations official.
John Holmes, the undersecretary general for humanitarian affairs, told a security council meeting yesterday that the previous number of 200,000 dead in fighting between rebel groups, some backed by the Khartoum government, was last tallied in 2006.
"That figure must be much higher now, perhaps half as much again," Holmes said to the council. Answering questions from reporters, he later qualified the estimated number, by admitting the death toll of 300,000 "is not a very scientifically-based figure" because there have been no new mortality studies in Darfur, but "it's a reasonable extrapolation."
Read more ....
More from the Washington Times.
More From The International Herald Tribune:UN Officials Say Darfur Conflict Is Worsening
My Comment: Quibbling over numbers. After 5 years, this is what the international community is now concerned about.
Selasa, 22 April 2008
Gates Hits Unmet War-Zone Needs
The Pentagon for the first time admonished U.S. forces for not providing troops adequate intelligence resources to combat enemies in Iraq and Afghanistan.
Defense Secretary Robert M. Gates told U.S. and foreign air force student officers at Maxwell-Gunter Air Force Base in Alabama yesterday that "it's been like pulling teeth" when dealing with military officials. He also criticized the branches for not meeting the resource needs and not utilizing unmanned aerial vehicles for hunting targets and collecting information.
Read more ....
My Comment: For this to be made public, the U.S. Defense Secretary must be really peeved. U.S. forces are clearly being hurt by inadequate intelligence, I just wish some examples can be given. Where is Congress?
Senin, 21 April 2008
World Hunger And War
In the past few weeks there has been a number of articles detailing the world's present food shortage/crisis. Because hunger throughout history has been one of the main reasons for conflicts to arise, this post will examine this evolving situation in depth.
When I was in China 20 years ago .... and in China last month .... I cannot adequately explain in words how much everything has changed in what is really a short period of time. Much of the stress in the world is now coming from the demands of people in China and India for a better life. These demands have resulted in prices for commodities such as oil and minerals increasing, but what has not been analyzed are the stresses that these demands are now putting on the food supply.
Western food is very addictive. It is now also the diet of choice for the growing middle classes of China and India. Add to this demand the need to provide bio-fuels as mandated by Western governments, the spread of disease on grain stocks in Ethiopia and the wheat growing regions of Iran and Pakistan/India, drought in Australia, and the rise in prices for fertilizers and fuel .... we are now approaching a perfect storm for food stocks to become very expensive or strictly rationed.
A summation of recent articles are the following:
Across Globe, Empty Bellies Bring Rising Anger -- New York Times
Rising Food Prices 'A Silent Tsunami' -- The Telegraph
ADB Senior Official Says Era Of Cheap Food Over -- Breitbart
Record Rice Export Slump Forecast -- News.com
A Drought In Australia, A Global Shortage Of Rice -- New York Times
Food Shortages: How Will We Feed The World? -- Telegraph
G8 Summit To Discuss Food Price Rises -- Financial Times
Markets Rain Volatility On U.S. Farmers And, Eventually, On Consumers -- International Herald Tribune
Amid U.S Farm Boom, Fears Grow Of A Collapse -- International Herald Tribune
UN Chief Warns World Must Urgently Increase Food Production -- Breitbart
Food Rationing Confronts Breadbasket of the World -- New York Sun
Japan's Hunger Becomes A Dire Warning For Other Nations -- The Age
In Lean Times, Biotech Grains Are Less Taboo -- International Herald Tribune
My Comment: In the western world, food prices are hitting everyone's pocket book. In the Third World, we are now talking of starvation. Political instability and the demands among a hungry population can only produce an unhealthy brew of conflict and turmoil. While we in the West have ample supplies to feed ourselves, high prices will result in demands (i.e. price controls, limiting trade in foodstuffs, etc.) that in the medium to long term probably will make a bad situation worse.
Will hungry people cause wars ..... the answer is probably no. But hungry people can cause governments to pursue policies that in the end will result in arm conflicts.
New Pakistani Government Getting Too Cozy With Terrorists Possibly Hiding AQ
A must read piece from Strata-Sphere:
This is the year we could decimate the Islamo Fascists who have retreated from the failed efforts in Iraq, Lebanon and Afghanistan to the one place where they can find sanctuary - the lawless tribal regions of Pakistan broken into the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (where most of the terrorist activities seem to be centered) and the North West Frontier Province (where terrorists attempted to take over the Swat Valley region last year and were rebuffed by Pak forces).
Read more ....
Thousands Flee Robert Mugabe's Terror Mobs
Mobs loyal to President Robert Mugabe have forced about 3,000 refugees to flee their homes as a national terror campaign gathers pace across Zimbabwe.
Gangs from the ruling Zanu-PF party are ranging across rural Zimbabwe, hunting down supporters of the opposition Movement for Democratic Change (MDC). Their victims are fleeing into the capital, Harare, seeking safety and treatment.
Read more ...
Update: Chinese Troops Are Patrolling the Streets In Zimbabawe -- Zimbabwe
Update: Torture Camps Set Up, Says Rights Group -- The Australian
My Comment: Another massacre and refugee crisis being brewed in this sad country .... with a now strong possibility of foreign interference.
Iraq War News Updates -- April 21, 2008
Fear In Sadr City As Cleric Threatens War -- Times Online
Sadr Threatens New Uprising; Iraqi And US Forces Press Attack -- Long War Journal
Sadr Threatens 'Open War' As Iraqi Army Attacks Base -- Independent
Sadr Balks Again - Not Sure When He Will Decide On Open War -- Strata Sphere
U.S. Risks Deepening Role In Iraqi Shi'ite Feud -- Reuters
Iraqi PM Urges Arab States To Open Embassies In Baghdad -- Yahoo News
Arab Nations Non-Committal On Iraq Debt, Embassies -- Reuters
Rice: Arab Neighbors Taking 'Step Forward' To Support Iraq -- Yahoo News
America's Allies In Iraq Under Pressure As Civil War Breaks Out Among Sunni -- The Independent
Trying to Hold Together Iraq's Army -- Time Magazine
A Gun in One Hand, A Pen in the Other -- Newsweek
12 Dead As U.S. Troops Battle Al-Sadr's Militia -- MSNBC
Under Attack, Al-Sadr Threatens To 'Declare War' -- CNN
Iraqi Forces Launch New Attacks In Basra -- LA Times
Al-Sadr Threatens Uprising in Iraq if Crackdown Continues -- FOX News
Iran Denounces Operations In Sadr City -- CBS News
Concrete Walls For Sadr City -- Captain's Journal
Iran, al Sadr, And The Endgame? -- Tigerhawk
Al-Qaeda in Iraq: Determined But Desperate -- Pajamas Media
Al-Qaeda In Iraq: Determined But Losing -- Iraq The Model
Thousands March in Brussels to Protest Attacks on Christians in Iraq -- FOX News
Commentary: Barak Obama And Iraq -- Reason Online
Commentary: The Iraqi Army Can Hold, Too -- Western Standard
My Comment: It is interesting to see the difference in reporting from the main stream media and the bloggers who are actually in Iraq.
Afghanistan War Updates -- April 21, 2008
International Doubts about the Afghanistan Campaign -- Captain's Journal
Britain's 16 Air Assault Brigade Takes Aim At Hearts And Minds But The Guns Are Muted -- Times Online
General Peter van Uhm Loses His Son In Roadside Bomb Blast -- Times Online
Dam Busters -- Newsweek
Afghan Soldiers Replace U.S. Green Berets -- MSNBC
My Comment: There is a lack of direction and patience from NATO.
Islamist Uprising Kills 81 In Somalia
From The Telegraph:
Fresh fighting between Islamist insurgents and Somali government troops in Mogadishu has killed at least 81 people in two days, witnesses reported yesterday.
A further 119 wounded civilians and soldiers were being treated in hospital after a weekend of mortar attacks and small-arms battles.
"There was a lot of fighting we could hear on Saturday, mostly guns and grenades, then much more today," said a doctor contacted by telephone yesterday at the Save Our Souls Hospital.
Read more ....
My Comment: This war .... even though it has been going on for the past 20 years .... is only starting.
No Al Qaeda Policy: Congress Wants Answers
From ABC News:
Congress plans to press the Bush administration aggressively to justify its policy in Afghanistan following a nonpartisan report that concludes that the administration "lacks a comprehensive plan" to take on al Qaeda in its stronghold.
"I want to shine light on this," Rep. Howard Berman, the California Democrat who chairs the House Foreign Relations Committee, told ABC News today. "I want the American people to know what is not happening, and I believe that pressure from that public scrutiny will force this administration and certainly the next administration to make a 180-degree change."
Read more ....
Update: U.S. Lacks a Comprehensive Approach to Pakistan’s FATA -- Captain's Journal
My Comment: For once the U.S. Congress is doing its job.
Sabtu, 19 April 2008
IMF Head: Food Shortages Can Spark War
(CBS/AP) The head of the International Monetary Fund warned Friday that soaring world food prices can have dire consequences, such as toppling governments and even triggering wars.
Dominique Strauss-Kahn told France's Europe-1 radio that the price rises that set off rioting in Haiti, Egypt and elsewhere were an "extremely serious" problem.
"The planet must tackle it," he said.
The IMF chief said the problem could also threaten democracies, even in countries where governments have done all they could to help the local population. Asked whether the crisis could lead to wars, Strauss-Kahn responded that it was possible.
Read more ...
My Comment: Hunger and conflict have always walked hand in hand.
South America's Most Troubled Border
From Time Magazine:
Wisps of evaporating water rise from the dark green Amazon rainforest as an Ecuadorian military helicopter swerves along the San Miguel River. Each day, slim boats with outboard motors ferry dozens of people between the hamlets of Puerto Nuevo, Ecuador, and Teteye, Colombia, across the brown and winding border waterway. Most are doing business or visiting relatives. But this year boatmen are increasingly carrying Ecuadorian mourners to retrieve the bodies of loved ones. Most, they say, were killed by Colombian troops because they were suspected of aiding the Marxist guerrillas known as the Colombian Revolutionary Armed Forces, or FARC. One was Antonio Jimenez, shot a month ago. Insists one Puerto Nuevo woman who knew him well, "He just went over to buy banana seedlings."
Read more ....
My Comment: Nationalism, oil and resource wealth, failing economies,cocaine and other narcotics ..... yup .... a perfect mix for conflict.
Another Iraq In The Horn Of Africa?
The jihadist leads a double life. By day he's a government functionary in the Somali capital of Mogadishu. Standing in the shade of a crumbling, Mussolini-era balcony, a phone headset clipped to his ear, he affects a casual, corporate air. But then he pulls his blue oxford shirt aside to reveal a fresh bullet scar. He spies on his co-workers, he admits, and feeds information about them to the Islamist rebels who are laying siege to Mogadishu. "God willing, we'll take over the country soon," he tells a NEWSWEEK reporter, one of the few Western journalists who have ventured into Somalia in months. The State Department recently added al-Shabaab (meaning "youth") to its list of terrorist organizations, making the group a target for attacks by U.S. forces operating in the Horn of Africa. The jihadist is unconcerned. "We're like a centipede," he says. "You cut off one of our legs, we just keep going."
Read more ....
Update: Dozen Killed In Fierce Fighting In Somalia -- MSNBC
Update #2: Deadly Clashes Erupt In Mogadishu -- BBC News
My Comment: Like the previous civil war in Angola, this is a conflict that is going to last for decades.
Al-Qaeda Warns Of Iranian Threat
DUBAI Al-Qaeda's second in command, Ayman al-Zawahri, said in an audio message to mark five years since the US-led invasion of Iraq that Washington's war had met with nothing but failure and defeat.
Read more ....
My Comment: There is not much detail in the Time's report on Zawahri's warnings, but it is clear that many in Al Qaeda are shifting their focus to Iran's growing influence in the Middle East and its intentions to be a major power in the region. In many ways Zawahri's comments are mirroring what many leaders in Arab countries are now saying about Iran.
Zimbabwe's Secret Police Are Still At Work --Updates On Zimbabwe
From The Times: Eight Days Of Fear In Mugabe's Machine
He may be aged, isolated and facing economic ruin, but Robert Mugabe still clings to power thanks to a feared state security apparatus that continues to function across Zimbabwe.
As the 84-year-old leader marked nearly three decades in power yesterday with a defiant speech against Britain, the Africa correspondent of The Times recalled, just 48 hours after his release from jail, his experiences of Mr Mugabe’s ruthless regime.
Jonathan Clayton spent eight days imprisoned in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe’s second city, where he was interrogated, beaten and tortured by a senior officer in the feared Central Intelligence Organisation (CIO). He was eventually released after paying a Z$20 billion fine, about £200, for misleading an immigration officer.
Read more ....
Update: Full Zimbabwe Crisis Coverage -- Times Online
Update 2: Zimbabwe Recounts Ballot In 23 Constituencies -- Times Online
Update #3: Mugabe warns 'British Thieves' To Leave His Country Alone -- The Independent
Update #4: Chinese Troops Are On The Streets Of Zimbabwean City, Witnesses Say -- The Independent
Update #5: Mugabe's Prisoner -- Newsweek
Update #6: Zimbabwe Weapons Ship Headed For Angola -- CNN
Update #7: Annan Demands Action On Zimbabwe -- BBC News
My Comment: If Mugabe was a white man, the world will be screaming for bloody murder.
Kamis, 17 April 2008
Progress In The Tribal Regions Of Iraq
Sheikh Sattar Abu Risha, leader of the Iraq’s Anbar Salvation Council before he was murdered by a car bomb in front of his house in late 2007, summed up the Anbar Awakening movement in a few concise sentences to Johns Hopkins University Professor Fouad Ajami. “Our American friends had not understood us when they came,” he said. “They were proud, stubborn people and so were we. They worked with the opportunists, now they have turned to the tribes, and this is as it should be. The tribes hate religious parties and religious fakers.” The tribal system in Anbar Province is ancient. Attempts to overthrow it are not wise. Both Americans and Al Qaeda learned that the hard way.
Marine Captain Quintin Jones, commanding officer at Outpost Delta in the city of Karmah, told me he works with tribal authorities as well as the mayor every day and can’t get much done if he doesn’t.
Read more ...
My Comment: The U.S. is not only beginning to learn all that there is to know about our enemies ..... they are also starting to learn who our friends and allies are.
Nearly 1 In 5 Troops Has Mental Problems After War Service
WASHINGTON - Roughly one in every five U.S. troops who have survived the bombs and other dangers of Iraq and Afghanistan now suffers from major depression or post-traumatic stress, an independent study said Thursday. It estimated the toll at 300,000 or more.
As many or more report possible brain injuries from explosions or other head wounds, said the study, the first major survey from outside the government.
Only about half of those with mental health problems have sought treatment. Even fewer of those with head injuries have seen doctors.
Read more ...
My Comment: A personal story. My father served in the Russian Army during the Second World War. His tour of duty started from July 1941 to the fall of Berlin in 1945. My godfather who also served also experienced the worse that war can bring .... ending his life by committing suicide 15 years after the end of the war.
Living with family members who suffer from post-traumatic syndrome is very difficult and hard to understand (especially from a child's point of view). I learned that the best way to confront this illness is to always keep an open mind, to give the soldier the benefit of the doubt when it comes to his war experience, and to always be available to be an open ear when they start to talk about it.
War Heating Up On The Pakistan/Afghan Boder Region
Something is definitely still brewing or boiling in the lawless regions of Pakistan along the Afghan border. It seems fighting has broken out in the Khyber Agency of the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) between Islamo Fascist militants and local tribes along a key transportation line between Afghanistan and Pakistan:
Read more ....
As for NATO and the West, indecision and a lack of direction are still plaguing our forces and allies in Afghanistan:
WASHINGTON (AFP) - More than six years after the September 11 attacks, the United States still does not have a coherent plan to destroy a key staging area for terrorist attacks into the country, according to an independent government watchdog.
There is "no comprehensive plan" to destroy the terrorist threat and close down the safe haven in Pakistan's Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA), said the Government Accountability Office (GAO).
The vast, impoverished, mountainous and unpoliced FATA belt shares a border with Afghanistan and is regarded by Washington as a key sanctuary for top terrorists who masterminded the Sept 11, 2001 attacks.
Read more ....
My Comment: This is where many of the leaders of Al Qaeda are probably hiding. As the war in Iraq starts to tone down, expect a shift in involvement and participation of Western governments and forces to this part of the world.
Update: “U.S. Lacks Comprehensive Plan to Destroy Terrorist Threat and Close Safe Haven in Pakistan’s Federally Administered Tribal Areas” - New Congressional report
Update 2: GAO: Terrorists operating freely on Pakistan border -- Yahoo News
Unduh Bebas Buku-Buku dan Artikel Hukum karya Prof. Jimly
Oleh: Pan Mohamad Faiz
Kemajuan teknologi di Indonesia kini dirasakan telah memberikan manfaat bagi perkembangan hukum di tanah air, baik itu yang bersifat akademik maupun secara praktik. Setelah Mahkamah Konstitusi menjadi pionir dalam melakukan berbagai terobosan baru dalam hal penggunaan ITC (Information, technology and communication) pada proses peradilannya, yaitu dimulai dari pendaftaran perkara secara online, persidangan dengan menggunakan teleconference, hingga pemuatan setiap putusan di dalam layan (website) resminya tidak kurang dari 15 menit setelah dibacakannya, kini para akademisi hukum pun secara personal telah pula memanfaatkan keunggulan cyber dalam berkarya.
Salah satu akademisi yang ikut ambil bagian dalam pemanfaatan IT yaitu Jimly Asshiddiqie, pakar hukum tata negara yang kini juga menjabat sebagai Ketua Mahkamah Konstitusi RI. Tidak lama setelah meluncurkan website pribadinya, kini beragam buku dan artikel hukum karyanya telah "berpose" secara sempurna di website tersebut untuk dapat diunduh secara bebas bagi siapapun yang membutuhkannya. Entah apakah ini merupakan salah satu respon atas tulisan penulis terdahulu atau bukan (wallahualam bish shawab), tetapi satu hal yang pasti bahwa trend pembuatan free e-Book di tengah-tengah keringnya sumber bacaan online yang komprehensif tentang hukum Indonesia, ibarat menemukan oase di tengah gurun pasir yang tandus.
Sebelumnya penulis mendapat kabar bahwa buku-buku karyanya akan dibentuk sebatas format membaca secara online seperti yang dipergunakan oleh Googlebooks, namun ternyata buku-buku tersebut dibentuk dalam format PDF dan artikel-artikelnya disusun dalam format Microsoft Words yang keseluruhannya dapat diunduh (di-download) secara bulat-bulat.
Setidaknya ada beberapa hal yang dapat kita jadikan catatan positif atas pembuatan free e-Book ini, yaitu:
Pertama, free e-Book dapat menjadi sumber bacaan bagi setiap lapisan masyarakat Indonesia dimanapun dan kapanpun mereka berada. Patut kita sadari bahwa tidak semua buku-buku hukum dalam format hard copy terdistribusi secara baik dan merata hingga sudut-sudut kota, ataupun seluruh pelosok tanah air.
Walaupun memerlukan fasilitas internet untuk memilikinya saat pertama kali, tetapi bagi para pembaca selanjutnya hanya dengan menggunakan CD, flash disk, email, ataupun media lainnya, e-book ini dapat dengan mudah dan cepat dipindahkan dari satu tangan ke tangan lainnya. Untuk membacanya pun bisa dilakukan langsung melalui layar komputer atau dengan mencetak ulang file tersebut dalam lembaran-lembaran baru.
Tentunya hal ini juga menjadi kabar gembira bagi para mahasiswa ataupun peneliti Indonesia yang kini sedang berada di luar negeri karena kini memperoleh sumber bacaan terbaru tentang perkembangan hukum di tanah air sebagai bahan-bahan pembuatan tugas ataupun penelitiannya. Bagi sebagian kalangan yang kebetulan pernah mengenyam pendidikan di luar negeri, hampir dapat dipastikan pernah merasakan kesulitan untuk memperoleh berbagai sumber dan buku hukum Indonesia ketika harus menjumpai analisa terkini mengenai status hukum di Indonesia, meskipun telah pula dibantu oleh Prof. Google, Ph.D. Sedangkan keterbatasan jumlah buku yang dibawa hanya sebatas pedoman umum yang tidak mampu menjadi pendukung berbagai penyelesaian tugas dan penelitianya. Kini bagi mereka yang bergelut di bidang Hukum Tata Negara, HAM, Kepemerintahan dan sejenisnya, kiranya telah memperoleh salah satu bacaan pokok yang dapat disimpan dan dibawa kemanapun mereka berpergian.
Kedua, penciptaan kreasi e-Book bagi masyarakat Indonesia sebenarnya bukanlah hal yang baru, sebagaimana misalnya kita mengenal Jennie S. Bev sebagai the Indonesian Princess of e-Book yang telah meluncurkan berbagai karya tulisnya dalam format e-Book. Namun, terobosan e-Book yang dilakukan di ranah hukum akan lebih mempunyai arti tersendiri, khususnya dalam memberikan inspirasi dan motivasi para penggiat hukum lainnya untuk mengembangkan ilmu dan berbagai gagasannya.
Banyak yang menilai bahwa budaya dan kesadaran membaca di kalangan peserta akademis Indonesia sangatlah minim apabila dibandingkan dengan negara-negara lainnya. Hemat penulis, selain tidak ditumbuhkembangkannya "kampanye" budaya membaca sejak dini, baik dari tingkat keluarga, masyarakat, institusi pendidikan, hingga tampuk kepemimpinan di pemerintahan kita sendiri, minimnya fasilitas pendukung pun juga memberikan andil terhadap rendahanya soft power bangsa ini. Misalnya, jurang pemisah antara harga buku-buku terhadap kemapuan dan daya beli masyarakat cukuplah besar; jumlah perpustakaan yang memilik koleksi buku lengkap masihlah sangat minimnya; tidak tersedianya akses internet untuk mencari sumber bacaan ataupun informasi terbaru; ataupun ketiadaan akses dan dana untuk berlangganan jurnal online dari para penerbit jurnal internasional ternama.
Penulis teringat dengan ucapan salah satu Ketua Pusat Penelitian dan Pengkajian di Jakarta yang mengatakan bahwa selama satu tahun beliau menempuh studi program pascasarjana S-2 di luar negeri, jumlah buku yang ia baca menjadi berkali-kali lipat lebih banyak dari buku yang sempat ia baca selama empat tahun menempuh program sarjana S-1 di Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia. Alasannya sederhana, di tempat ia mengenyam pendidikan S-2 tersebut seutuhnya telah tercipta suasana dan atmosfer pendidikan yang menyebabkan terjadinya trasnformasi kearah peningkatan minat baca peserta didik, termasuk dengan tersedianya perpustakaan lengkap dan akses online journal dari manca negara.
Oleh karenanya, hadirnya free e-Book ataupun e-Article diharapkan juga menambah semangat membaca dan motivasi di kalangan masyarakat Indonesia, khususnya dari para penggiat hukum itu sendiri. Penulis yakin hal ini dapat pula menjadi inspirasi jangka panjang bagi para Jimly-Jimly Jr. lainnya.
Ketiga, seiring dengan disahkannya UU Kebebesan Memperoleh Informasi Publik (KMIP), berbagai institusi kepemerintahan sudah seyogyanya pula lebih mempersiapkan diri dan bergerak cepat untuk memanfaatkan kemajuan ITC guna membuka diri seluas-luasnya terhadap berbagai kegiatan dan laporannya, khususnya terkait dengan karya-karya yang dapat menunjang pembangunan pendidikan bagi bangsa Indonesia. Terlebih lagi bagi Institusi yang terkait dengan bidang Ilmu Hukum dan Perundangan-undangan, sudah saatnya mulai menyediakan berbagai informasi utuh dan transparan untuk kebutuhan masyarakat hukum Indonesia. Alangkah disayangkan apabila untuk mencari suatu putusan atau produk perundang-undangan saja, hingga saat kini kita masih harus menggunakan jasa pihak lain guna memperolehnya.
Selain itu, Program Nasional dalam hal penyediaan Akses Gratis Jurnal (Online) Internasional bagi berbagai Institusi Pendidikan di Indonesia harus terus dikumandangkan dan dijalankan secara bertahap. Sehingga di masa yang akan datang, anak negeri ini senantiasa dapat bersaing dengan negara-negara lainnya di bidang kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan tanpa harus berpindah locus pendidikannya dari dalam negeri. Pun kita harus mulai menyadari kini bahwa "The World is Flat", ungkap Thomas L. Friedman.
Akhir kata penulis mengucapkan, selamat menghabiskan akhir pekan ditemani dengan buku-buku hasil unduh secara bebas karya Prof. Jimly. Terus Berkarya!
Salam,
Pan Mohamad Faiz
New Delhi, India
Rabu, 16 April 2008
Nuclear Attack On D.C. A Hypothetical Disaster
A nuclear device detonated near the White House would kill roughly 100,000 people and flatten downtown federal buildings, while the radioactive plume from the explosion would likely spread toward the Capitol and into Southeast D.C., contaminating thousands more.
The blast from the 10-kiloton bomb — similar to the bomb dropped over Hiroshima during World War II — would kill up to one in 10 tourists visiting the Washington Monument and send shards of glass flying the length of the National Mall, in a scenario that has become increasingly likely to occur in a major U.S. city in recent years, panel members told a Senate committee yesterday.
Read more ....
My Comment: The key word in this article is .... INEVITABLE.
Iran Says U.S. Aids Rebels At Its Borders
BAGHDAD -- A series of conflicts with insurgent groups along Iran's borders may be impelling Tehran to back its own allies in Iraq in what it regards as a proxy war with the U.S., according to security experts and officials in the U.S., Iran and Iraq.
Dozens of Iranian officials, members of the security forces and insurgents belonging to Kurdish, Arab Iranian and Baluch groups have died in the fighting in recent years. It now appears to be heating up once again after an unusually cold and snowy winter.
Read more ...
My Comment: Iran has had problems with separatist groups long before the U.S. led invasion of Iraq. As Iran continues its crackdown of different ethnic groups, and with gas and refining shortages increasing (who in his or hers right mind would want to invest in such a country), economic and political strife can only increase. Saying the U.S. wants to undermine Iran is just another excuse to crack down on its opponents.
The Cost Of War
The Department of Defense has released its latest American military casualty numbers for those who have served in Iraq and Afghanistan, and the figures reveal non-fatal casualties that go well beyond the more than 4,000 U.S. troops who have died so far.
As of April 5, a total of 36,082 members of the U.S. military have been wounded in action and killed in Iraq, since the beginning of the war in March 2003, and in Afghanistan, where the war there began in October 2001. The 36,082 number breaks down to 4,492 deaths and 31,590 wounded. According to the same DoD "casualty" counts, an additional 38,631 U.S. military personnel have also been removed from the battlefields in Iraq and Afghanistan for "non-hostile-related medical air transports."
Read more ....
My Comment: Gateway Pundit provides a perspective to these figures. My own personal take .... when the Iraq war started pundits were talking about a Stalingrad at the Gates Of Baghdad that will result in 15,000 U.S. servicemen dead and untold thousands wounded. This fortunately never happened. But a long drawn affair that will result in the drip drip of American and Iraqi casualties for the next 5, 10, or 20 years is also in no one's interest.
Unfortunately, I can easily foresee a situation evolving in Iraq that will be similar to the long drawn affair of IRA terrorism and rebellion that lasted in Ireland for decades. At its peak the IRA had almost 300 men under arms .... but these 300 men were effective in holding down a good portion of the British Army for decades.
In Iraq, it is obvious that there are more than 300 men willing to fight against the Iraqi Government and coalition forces.
Selasa, 15 April 2008
War Updates In Afghanistan -- April 16, 2008
Volunteer Is Oldest Serviceman To Die In Afghanistan -- Times Online
Afghan Prison Under Red Cross Scrutiny -- MSNBC
Afghan Opposition Says It's Been Talking To Taliban -- Yahoo News
Nato Making Mistake In Afghanistan, Warns Turkish Minister -- The Telegraph
My Comment: This war is going to go on for a long time.
The Crisis In Zimbabwe Continues
Zimbabwe Doctors Say 157 Beaten In Post-Election Violence -- Yahoo News
Tsvangirai Sets Terms For Run-Off -- The Guardian
ANC Hits Out At 'Dire' Zimbabwe Situation -- The Guardian
ANC Breaks With Mbeki To Condemn 'Evident' Crisis In Zimbabwe -- The Independnet
Zimbabwe Opposition Lacks Leverage -- Time Magazine
Zimbabwe Court Rejects Petition For Vote Results -- MSNBC
Zimbabwe's Top Court Won't Release Results -- CBS News
Zimbabwe Strike Flops -- Swiss Info
Police Arrest 36 People In Troubled Zimbabwe -- ABC News
'Arrests' After Zimbabwe Strike -- BBC News
Robert Mugabe's Terror Victims Tell Of Beatings -- The Telegraph
Gordon Brown Ignores Mbeki Snub To Declare That Mugabe Has Lost Election -- Times Online
No One Thinks Mugabe Won Election, Brown Tells UN -- The Guardian
My Comment: I remember 10, 20, 25 years ago when many in the main stream media were talking about the new Africa and how leaders such as Mugabe would transform the continent into a golden age of freedom and prosperity.
I wonder where these reporters are now?
Senin, 14 April 2008
Iraq War News Updates -- April 15, 2008
Iraq Bombings, Clashes Kill 62 -- Yahoo News
Al-Qaida Leader In Iraq Urges Sunni Fighters Who Joined Americans To Come Back -- International Herald Tribune
Roadside Bomb Targets U.S. Convoy In Baghdad -- International Herald Tribune
Iraqi Government: "We Will Continue Until We Secure Sadr City" -- Long War Journal
Iraq Dismisses 1,300 After Basra Offensive -- New York Times
Iraq’s Moment of Truth in Baghdad and Basra -- Pajamas Media
Thoughts On The Fighting In Basra -- Captains Journal
Iraq Winning War In Mahdi Army -- Strata Sphere
Cleric Sadr Key Player In Helping Poor Iraqis: Report -- Reuters
Iraqis Aren’t Stupid — And They’re Watching Us -- Hot Air
Hope for Iraq's Meanest City -- Winds Of Change
When Sons Of Iraq Grow Up -- Long War Journal
My Comment: As the U.S. Presidential election approaches, expect more terrorism attacks against civilians and coalition forces.
Gang Violence Threatens Fragile Peace In Kenya
Gang Terrorizes Nairobi With Threat To Kill Minibus Drivers And Commuters -- International Herald Tribune
Twelve Die In Kenya Violence After Gang Boss's Wife Is Killed -- The Independent
Can Kenyan Power-Sharing Plan Work? -- Time Magazine
My Comment: This country was once known as the most progressive state in Africa.
Lack Of Water And Food -- Two Issues That Have Sparked A Number Of Past Wars And Conflicts Are Making A Comback
(CNN) -- Riots from Haiti to Bangladesh to Egypt over the soaring costs of basic foods have brought the issue to a boiling point and catapulted it to the forefront of the world's attention, the head of an agency focused on global development said Monday.
"This is the world's big story," said Jeffrey Sachs, director of Columbia University's Earth Institute.
"The finance ministers were in shock, almost in panic this weekend," he said on CNN's "American Morning," in a reference to top economic officials who gathered in Washington. "There are riots all over the world in the poor countries ... and, of course, our own poor are feeling it in the United States."
Read more ....
My Comment: When I was growing up I learned about mass starvation from my parents. My father grew up in the Ukraine duirng the famine of 1932-1933, and my mother experienced the Second World War in Nazi occupied Russia. Hunger and war have always walked hand in hand, with both "feeding" each other.
Our hunger for energy in the form of bio-fuels may in fact produce a disaster that we are not prepared to acknowledge.
Update: Food Costs Rising Fastest in 17 Years -- Yahoo Finance
2nd Update: Food Riots Lead to Haitian Meltdown -- Time Magazine
3rd Update: Maybe I should not be so pessimistic -- As Other Staples Soar, Potatoes Break New Ground (Reuters)
4th Update: The Real Crisis Is Global Hunger. -- The Guardian
Updates On The War In Afghanistan And Pakistan
Some interesting news on the war front in Pakistan and Afghanistan. One piece that caught my eye was an LA Times article that claims this is the year to finally get Bin Laden. It notes the drop in support for al-Qaeda and their ilk in Pakistan and Afghanistan as the key change that could expose Bin Laden:
This welcome change in probabilities has almost nothing to do with the Bush administration’s counter-terrorism strategy, which remains rudderless and starved of resources because of the war in Iraq. It is a consequence, instead, of dramatic political changes in Pakistan, where Bin Laden is believed to be hiding and where Al Qaeda’s local mistakes and the restoration of civilian democracy have combined to make him considerably less safe.
Read more ....
My Comment: For the West to succeed in this part of the world, we will require the assistance and support of our allies in the region. NATO is not capable to finish this job (Captain's Journal gives a perfect example of why). Failure of our allies will then open a Pandora's box of more involvement of NATO and U.S. forces .... a situation that all parties clearly do not want.
Having said all of this, Strata-Sphere's article does give a bit of hope that everything in this part of the world is not that bleak.
Update: Afghans and Pakistanis "squeezing" Taliban and al Qaeda -- Yahoo News
US And Iran Holding 'Secret' Talks On Nuclear Programme
Iran and the United States have been engaged in secret "back channel" discussions for the past five years on Iran's nuclear programme and the broader relationship between the two sworn enemies, The Independent can reveal.
One of the participants, former senior US diplomat Thomas Pickering, explained that a group of former American diplomats and experts had been meeting with Iranian academics and policy advisers "in a lot of different places, although not in the US or Iran".
Read more ....
My Comment: The Independent (from my point of view) does not have a good track record when it comes to Middle East issues. This article does not change my point of view. Unofficial meetings with retired diplomats talking in out of the way places .... this is not a serious discussion nor change in direction from the Iranian regime.
When I was in the Middle East last month, the overwhelming sentiment from (Arab) government officials to the man on the street was what will the mad mullahs in Tehran do next.
Their interference in Iraq, their support of Shiite terror groups, and their open hostility and contempt of the West .... this is their clear and stated policy. The mass majority of citizens in this part of the world know this .... the Independent Newspaper clearly has a different point of view.
Why is the Independent Newspaper pushing this story. I personally believe that there are two reasons why. (1) Some minor and junior people are talking to each other, but have no direct relationship or influence on the policy makers that count. (2) To give cover to former President Carter's meeting with Hamas.
In my own personal opinion, there is going to be no change in Iranian policy until after the American Presidential election. They are hoping for a Barak Obama / Democratic win, and are adopting a wait and see altitude on Obama's promise for opening talks with the Iranian regime if he is elected President.
Update: IAEA, Iran Meeting Abruptly Canceled -- Yahoo News
The Past Two Months
When I was in China 20 years ago, I saw a struggling society trying its best to escape a poverty that you can only imagine. After working very hard for much of the day, their entertainment came in the form of watching Dallas reruns on TV and enjoying walks with the family before the sun sets.
Todays China is completely different. Dallas reruns are no longer played .... Chinese equivalents are now the main course on National TV. And while the majority of the country do work 60 - 70 hour weeks, a rising middle class is now changing the political and economic dynamics.
These observations also hold for India and the Arabian Peninsula. They are now rushing to live the 21rst century experience. They have the manpower, the educational and professional back-up, and the political will to proceed.
The impact that this revolution .... (a revolution with no parallel in human history) .... will have on the many wars that are prevalent in this world is something that I am still trying to understand. In the next few weeks I will be trying my best to decipher what I was able to see and extrapolate them to our present day conflicts.
We do live in interesting times.
Rabu, 09 April 2008
CINDONESIA: Cina, India dan Indonesia (Bagian II)
MEMBANGUN KEKUATAN TRIUMVIRAT ASIA
Oleh: Pan Mohamad Faiz
IV. MENGEJAR LAJU CINDIA
1. EkonomiBangkitnya perekonomian Cina dan India dapat kita golongkan sebagai gelombang kebangkitan negara-negara Asia setelah Jepang dan Korea. Perbedaan fundamental dari lahirnya kedua gelombang tersebut yaitu bangkitnya industri Jepang dan Korea pasca Perang Dunia II ditempuh melalui dorongan ekspor, sedangkan bagi Cina dan India lebih banyak dipengaruhi oleh masuknya investasi asing yang begitu besar. Pola ekspor ke luar negeri merupakan strategi yang sangat penting manakala suatu negara tidak mempunyai pasar domestik yang mencukupi. Oleh karenanya, bagi Cina maupun India yang memiliki pasar domestik terbesar di dunia, mereka mencoba untuk lebih memanfaatkan potensi tersebut sebagai titik pangkal dalam membangun perekonomiannya.[1]
Cindia yang baru saja memulai perjalanan panjangnya kini menyandang gelar sebagai “laboratorium dunia”, dengan Cina sebagai laboratorium manufaktur dan India sebagai laboratorium jasa serta pelayanan IT. Namun demikian, sebagaimana negara-negara industri maju yang telah ada sebelumnya, seiring berjalanannya waktu Cina akan segera mengalihkan kegiatan manufakturnya dengan cara outsourcing kepada negara-negara ekonomi berkembang lainnya di Asia Tenggara, Karibia, Afrika, ataupun Eropa Timur. Salah satu yang sudah terjadi yaitu ketika Haier mulai membangun aplikasinya di Indonesia, Malaysia dan Yugoslavia, serta Shanghai Baosteel yang mulai melakukan operasinya di Brasil. Sementara itu, produk-produk manufaktur tekstil Cina juga telah dialihkan ke negara-negara Afrika. [2]
Begitu pula dengan India, bisnis call center dan outsourcing sebagai jantung dari pelayanan dan jasa IT lambat laun akan mulai beralih ke negara lain karena beberapa alasan utama, yaitu adanya perbedaan jam kerja yang begitu kontras, pelayanan yang kurang prima dari tenaga kerja India, serta adanya keinginan negara maju untuk mengurangi terciptanya ketergantungan terhadap satu negara tertentu. Peluang bisnis dalam bidang ini amatlah menjanjikan. Berdasarkan catatan yang terhimpun, sejak tahun 2003 Amerika Serikat telah memindahkan satu juta white-collar job dengan cara offshore dan Inggris telah memindahkan sebanyak 250.000 industri pelayanannya ke negara-negara lain. Pada tahun 2008, McKinsey Global Institute memperkirakan bahwa Amerika direncanakan akan kembali memindahkan sekitar 2,3 juta pekerjaan pelayanan industri ke berbagai negara dan Inggris akan melakukan offshoring sebanyak 650.000 pekerjaan ke berbagai negara.[3]
Melihat situasi seperti tersebut di atas, Indonesia bisa pula memanfaatkan kesempatan ini untuk mengangkat roda perekonomian nasional sekaligus membangun kerjasama profesional dengan negara-negara maju dunia. Terlebih lagi, Cina, India dan ASEAN telah dan terus bekerjasama untuk meingkatkan infrastruktur dasar ekonomi Asia, serta berencana untuk menciptakan integrasi ekonomi dan mata uang layaknya Uni Eropa, sebagaimana pernah diutarakan oleh Manmohan Singh dalam Asian Summit 2005 di Kuala Lumpur dengan menggagas Pan-Asian Economic Community.[4]
Cindia menyadari bahwa pola pekerjaan yang dilakukannya saat ini tidaklah akan berlangsung selamanya. Oleh karenanya, mereka kini akan menghadapi tantangan berikutnya, yaitu dengan menjadi mesin pencetak para ilmuwan, ahli, dan pakar di berbagai bidang.[5] Indonesia dengan jumlah penduduk terbesar keempat di dunia dan jumlah tenaga kerja tebesar kedua di masa yang akan datang, harus mampu mengambil alih posisi mereka sebagai awal mula partisipasi persaingan global sekaligus membuka lapangan kerja sementara waktu bagi jutaan anak bangsa.
2. Pendidikan
Dengan semakin meningkatnya kuantitas dan kualitas lulusan yang dimiliki oleh Cina dan India, kini pengembangan ilmu dan teknologi tingkat tinggi tidak lagi dimonopoli oleh negara-negara tertentu saja. Di tahun 2006, Cina memproduksi lulusan universitas sebanyak 4,1 juta orang dengan 800.000 lulusan diantaranya berasal dari bidang ilmu alam dan teknologi. Sedangkan India menghasilkan lulusan sekitar 2,7 juta orang, dimana sekitar 500.000 diantaranya merupakan lulusan dengn kualitas yang siap dipekerjakan oleh perusahaan-perusahaan besar dari Amerika dan Inggris.[6]
Pada masa yang lalu, banyak para elit Cindia di bidang pendidikan memilih untuk melanjutkan studi atau berkarir di Amerika, Inggris ataupun negara-negara lainnya guna memperoleh penghasilan yang lebih menjanjikan. Namun dengan seiring membaiknya perekonomian dan iklim usaha di dalam negeri, kini mereka secara hampir bersamaan kembali hijrah ke negaranya masing-masing. Sebagi contoh, terdapat lebih dari 40.000 warga negara India yang kembali dan mulai bekerja di kota Bangalore selama beberapa tahun terakhir ini.[7]
Tentunya kondisi-kondisi di atas terjadi setelah kedua negara berhasil menciptakan atmosfer pendidikan yang sangat baik, mulai dari tingkat pendidikan dasar hingga tingkat pendidikan tinggi. Pada tingkat pendidikan dasar, diundangkannya UU tentang Wajib Belajar oleh pemerintah Cina di tahun 1986 dengan target seluruh anak yang berumur enam tahun diwajibkan untuk memperoleh pendidikan dasar sembilan tahun, telah membawa perubahan meningkatnya persentase melek huruf dari sebesar 66 persen di tahun 1950-an menjadi 80 persen di tahun 1990-an.[8]
Untuk memacu hasil riset dan teknologi yang menunjang terciptanya kemakmuran suatu bangsa, UNDP telah mensyaratkan angka minimal 1% dari GDP masing-masing negara. Oleh karenanya, baik Cina maupun India hampir setiap tahunnya selalu berusaha menaikkan anggaran di bidang Research and Development (R&D). Di akhir tahun 1990-an, Cina hanya mengalokasikan anggaran R&D kurang dari 1% dari total GDP, namun saat ini anggaran telah meningkat menjadi 1,5% dan direncanakan akan terus meningkat hingga mencapai angka 2,5% di tahun 2020. Inovasi ilmu pengetahuan yang telah diciptakan oleh Cina telah turut mendongkrak terjadi permohonan aplikasi paten sebesar lebih dari 130.000 di tahun 2004. Menurut laporan Paris-based Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Cina menghabiskan lebih dari US$ 136 miliar khusus untuk R&D di tahun 2006, melewati anggaran yang dialokasikan oleh Jepang sebesar US$ 130 miliar
Saat ini, kebanyakan dari perusahaan multinasional besar telah mempunyai pusat R&D secara khusus dan tersendiri di kota-kota Cina dan India, sehingga locus pengembangan teknologi secara otomatis juga berpindah ke dalam dua negara tersebut.[9] Menilik keberhasilan India di bidang ITC, tentunya tidak dapat pula dipisahkan dari peran human capital yang ditelurkan dari tujuh institut elit di bidang ilmu alam dan teknik yang dikenal dengan Indian Institute of Technology (IITs).[10] Keterlibatan yang tidak kalah pentingnya yaitu berasal dari organisasi-organisasi profesi diaspora India, seperti halnya Silicon Valley Indian Professionals Association (SIPA) yang telah menjadi organisasi dunia dalam menjembatani pernyediaan informasi dan kontak bagi perusahan-perusahaan besar yang ingin melakukan outsourcing terhadap para ahli IT asal India.
Melihat persaingan global yang begitu ketat, Indonesia mau tidak mau harus segera memberikan perhatian yang lebih serius pada dunia pendidikan. Setiap kebijakan nasional harus pula bermuara pada dorongan terhadap peningkatan mutu, kualitas, anggaran pendidikan dan riset, serta penuntasan program buta huruf dan wajib belajar sembilan tahun. Investasi di bidang pendidikan merupakan suatu hal yang tidak dapat ditawar-tawar lagi.[11]
Selain terus memacu peningkatan anggaran di bidang Research and Development (R&D), setidaknya terdapat empat hal yang patut dipertimbangkan dengan melihat kebijakan umum pemerintah India terhadap dunia pendidikannya:
- Pendidikan yang murah, terjangkau dan berkualitas disediakan bagi seluruh anak bangsa, baik dari tingkat sekolah dasar hingga tingkatan Universitas;
- Kebijakan harga dasar kertas dan buku-buku, khususnya buku pelajaran dikontrol secara ketat oleh National Book Trust of India (NBT) agar selalu sesuai dengan kemampuan daya beli masyarakat, khususnya bagi kalangan terpelajar dan akademisi;
- Perhatian khusus pemerintah melalui University Grant Commission (UGC) untuk memberikan beasiswa sebesar satu hingga dua bulan gaji rata-rata di India kepada setiap mahasiswa S-3 yang terdaftar. Hal ini maksudkan untuk memacu para calon mahasiswa S-3 lainnya dan penelitian yang dikerjakan benar-benar terfokus;
- Kesejahteraan dan fasilitas yang memadai disedikan bagi para tenaga pendidik sehingga mereka dapat berkonsentrasi penuh untuk mengajar tanpa harus melakukan aktivitas lain guna menambah pendapatannya yang dirasakan kurang layak.
3. Lingkungan Hidup
Dalam pandangan penulis, hal utama yang dapat menghambat keberlangsungan perekonomian Cina dan India justru ancaman yang datang dari penelantaran terhadap lingkungan hidup. Pemuka pro-lingkungan ternama, Lester R. Brown, dalam bukunya Plan B.2.0 menegaskan bahwa Cina dan India tidak mempunyai pilihan lain selain menjaga kestabilan lingkungan untuk tetap mempertahankan prestasi yang telah diraihnya saat ini.[12] Uraian berikut setidaknya menunjukan mengapa kedua negara tersebut harus memberikan perhatian penuh terhadap lingkungan sekitarnya.
Menurut Bank Dunia, 16 dari 20 kota-kota dengan tingkat polusi tertinggi di dunia berada di negara Cina dengan tiga kota besarnya yang memiliki nilai tiga kali lipat dari batas normal keselamatan yang telah ditetapkan oleh World Health Organisation (WHO). The Word Bank memperkirakan efek negatif polusi yang menyerang kesehatan di Cina mengakibatkan kerugian sedikitnya US$ 53 miliar pertahun dan secara tidak langsung telah mempercepat kematian sekitar 178.000 jiwa setiap tahunnya.[13] Air yang mengalir pada sungai yang membentang sepanjang 5.464 km di bagian Utara Cina, meskipun sudah melalui proses penyulingan, dua pertiganya tidak lagi memenuhi standar air minum. Lebih mencekam lagi, pada tahun 2006 pemerintah Cina melaporkan setidaknya terdapat 161 kecelakan lingkungan yang cukup membahayakan setiap dua hari sekali.
Setali tiga uang, kondisi lingkungan di India juga tidak lebih baik dari Cina. Struktur kemasyarakan yang kurang menghargai budaya kebersihan ditunjang dengan iklim yang kurang bersahabat menjadikan negara ini sulit untuk dihuni. Ibukota India, New Delhi dinyatakan pula sebagai salah satu kota terpolusi di dunia sesaat sebelum dimulainya kampanye pembersihan kota “Green Delhi”. Sungai suci di India, The Ganges, sangatlah tidak bersih dikarenakan terdapat campuran limbah kimia industri berbahaya, pestisida material, hingga berjenis bangkai dan kotoran hewan.
Asian Development Bank memprediksi bahwa ketika jumlah kendaraan di Cina meningkat 15 kali lipat dalam 30 tahun ke depan, jumlah kendaraan di India kemungkinan meningkat sebesar 13 kali lipat. Hal yang paling mengkhawatirkan kemudian adalah limbah nuklir. Tanpa memperhatikan berbagai malapetaka yang kemungkinan ditimbulkannya, India telah sepakat menjalin kerjasama dengan Amerika untuk memperbanyak pembangkit tenaga nuklir, sedangkan Cina berencana untuk membangun 20 pembangkit nuklir lainnya hingga tahun 2020.
Terhadap kondisi tersebut, Indonesia yang masih memiliki struktur lingkungan bersahabat, sebelum terlambat harus pula melakukan rancang bangun kebijakan untuk tetap menjaga keutuhan lingkungannya, terutama terhadap udara, air dan hasil hutan. Maka ketika proses kebangkitan industri itu tiba, Indonesia sudah mampu mengelola lingkungan dari potensi ancaman menjadi potensi harapan melalui terciptanya lingkungan lestari yang berkesinambungan.
Hal ini haruslah diperkuat lagi setelah Indonesia sukses menggelar United Nations Climate Change Conference di Bali pada Desember 2007 yang lalu.[14] Maka amatlah beralasan ketika Thomas L. Friedman, peraih Pulitzer Prize, memberikan segmen khusus mengenai eksistensi negara Indonesia di kancah percaturan dunia dalam buku terbarunya yang berjudul “Hot, Flat and Crowded”.
Indonesia memang telah memiliki berbagi peraturan bagi perlindungan lingkungan, tetapi masalahnya hingga kini implementasi tidaklah dijalankan secara sungguh-sungguh. Tanpa keberanian dan pembenahan aparatur terkait, peraturan hukum hanya akan selalu menjadi macan kertas saja.
V. PENUTUP
Kebangkitan Cindia haruslah disikapi secara bijak oleh kita semua, karena dampaknya terhadap Indonesia bisa saja merugikan namun bisa pula justru menguntungkan. Dengan adanya keterbatasan tempat, tulisan singkat ini tentu saja belum sampai pada uraian terperinci mengenai keunggulan dan kekurangan dari kedua negara tersebut. Pun tulisan ini juga bukan bermaksud untuk membandingkan konsep manakah yang terbaik dari kedua negara tersebut untuk dapat diterapkan di Indonesia. Hanya berbagai kelebihan dan energi positifnya sajalah yang harus kita ambil, untuk kemudian kita gunakan dalam membangun bangsa Indonesia dengan pola dan karakter kita sendiri.
Kurangnya perhatian terhadap dunia pendidikan, khususnya pendidikan bagi anak dan perempuan, diyakini sebagai salah satu alasan utama mengapa bangsa Indonesia sangat sulit untuk keluar dari keterpurukannya. Untuk itu, sementara struktur pendidikan nasional terus dibenahi guna membangun infrastruktur dasar para intelektual, brain-power secara cepat dapat diperoleh dengan melakukan technology transfer. Selain dapat menjadi saluran yang tepat agar terciptanya transfer teknologi, pola pengembangan Special Economic Zones (SEZs) juga dapat menciptakan lapangan pekerjaan di bidang manufaktur, pelayanan jasa, serta modernisasi di bidang pertanian. Untuk itu, jiwa kewirausahaan dan bisnis harus pula mulai ditumbuhkembangkan sejak dini di setiap sanubari anak negeri.
Dengan nilai indeks yang lebih baik dari Cina di ranah demokrasi sipil dan politik, serta infrastruktur pembangunan fisik yang lebih mumpuni dibandingkan dengan India, Indonesia sudah selayaknya masuk dalam jajaran pemain kelas atas di Asia. The new Chindian dapat menjadi jembatan emas untuk meraih cita-cita tersebut, sebab agresifitas mereka memiliki karakter yang berbeda dengan negara-negara superpower lainnya. Esensi kerjasama dengan Cindia berangkat bukan dari nilai “power politics” tetapi “economy partnership”, bukan pula melalui pola “exploitation” melainkan dengan “cooperation”.
Persaingan yang terjadi antara Cina dan India dapat pula kita ibaratkan sebagai dongeng tentang perlombaan sang kura-kura. India seringkali disematkan dengan simbol gajah dalam pembangunannya. Ia tidak mempunyai kecepatan tinggi, tetapi akan selalu mempunyai stamina yang konstan dan akhirnya akan memenangkan perlombaan. Dengan gaya otoritariannya, Cina tentu akan sangat mudah memenangkan pertandingan lari cepat, namun India sebagai negara demokrasi akan tampil sebagai pemenang dalam pertandingan marathon.
Cina, India, dan Indonesia (Cindonesia) yang diikat dalam satu regional benua yang sama dan menjadi tempat hunian dari hampir separuh umat manusia di muka bumi, sudah seyogyanya saling bekerjasama dan belajar satu sama lainnya. Dengan memberikan perhatian lebih khusus terhadap Cindia seraya memperkuat hubungan kerjasama dengan keduanya, mulai dari sektor perdagangan, ilmu pengetahuan, kebudayaan, hingga militer, Indonesia diprediksi akan menjelma menjadi “Macan” Asia berikutnya untuk kemudian bergabung menjadi pemain utama dunia bersama dengan Cina dan India membentuk kekuatan baru, “Triumvirat Asia”.
*** SELESAI ***
Catatan: Penulis sangat menantikan Pendapat, Saran ataupun Sanggahan dari Para Pembaca atas informasi dan gagasan yang telah diutangkan dalam artikel di atas.
End Notes:
[1] Lihat Pan Mohamad Faiz, “Meneropong Visi Bangsa: Analisa Kritis Visi Indonesia 2030 vis-a-vis Visi India 2020”, Jurnal Visi, No. 1 Vol IX, 2007, hal. 20-38; dan Abdul Kalam dan YS Rajan, India Vision 2020: A Vision for the New Millenium, Penguin Books, New Delhi, 2002.
[2] Lihat David Smith, The Dragon and the Elephant, Profile Books, London, 2007.
[3] Lihat juga Diana Farrell, “U.S. Offshoring: Small Steps to Make It a Win-Win”, Barkeley Electronic Press, Maret 2006.
[4] Menurut pengamat Timur-Tengah, Anthony Cordesman, salah satu buah manis dari inisiatif terciptanya Pan-Asian kemungkinan adalah terbentuknya Asian Monetary System (AMS) dengan menginternasionalisasikan mata uang yuan sebagai nilai awal mata uang Asia (“Asyuan”).
[5] Menurut data yang dikeluarkan oleh United Nations Population Division, selain akan menjadi negara terpadat penduduk di dunia, India juga akan mempunyai tenaga kerja terbesar berjumlah 986 juta orang pada tahun 2030. Sedangkan Cina, akibat program one-child policy yang dimulai sejak tahun 1979, akan memperoleh penurunan angka angkatan kerja, termasuk efek negatif dari “1:2:4 problem” yaitu di masa yang akan datang setiap anak harus menanggung beban hidup dua orang tua dan empat orang kakek-neneknya.
[6] Lihat laporan dari China’s National Development and Reform Commission bertanggal 28 Juli 2006; dan “India and China: New Tigers of Asia, Part II” dalam Morgan Stanley, Juni 2006.
[7] Data lengkap dapat dilihat pada Returned Non-Resident Indians Association, India.
[8] Untuk mempromosikan dan mengkonsolidasi program wajib belajar sembilan tahun, pemerintah Cina juga telah menaikkan anggarannya menjadi 4% dari total GDP atau sekitar US$ 27 miliar. Lihat The Guidelines for the 11th Give-year Plan for National Economic and Social Development in China, 2006 dan “China to Raise Education Expenditures to 4 Percent of GDP,” Xinhua News Agency, CEIS, 6 Maret 2006, hal. 1.
[9] Richard Freeman, “China, India and the Doubling of the Global Labour Force”, Globalist, 3 Juni 2005.
[10] Ketujuh Institut yang berada di Khararakpur, Mumbai, Madras, Kanpur, Delhi, Guwahti, dan Roorkee didirikan setelah masa kemerdekaan India dengan tujuan menyediakan pendidikan yang mendekati kesempurnaan di bidang ilmu alam, teknologi, dan teknik dengan mengusung model yang dikembangkan oleh Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Di tahun 2005, The Times of Higher Educational Supplement menempatkan IITs sebagai salah satu institusi pendidikan terbaik di dunia untuk bidang teknologi, hanya terpaut di bawah MIT dan California Institute of Technology.
[11] Lihat Pan Mohamad Faiz, “Menanti Political Will Pemerintah di Sektor Pendidikan”, Jurnal Visi No.1 Vol. VIII, 2006, hal. 14-21.
[12] Lester R. Brown, Plan B: Rescuing a Planet Under Stress and a Civilization in Trouble, Earth Policy Institute, New York, 2006, hal. 11.
[13] Lihat Jonathan R. Woetzel, “Checking China’s Vital Signs: The Social Challenge,” McKinsey Quarterly, 2006.
[14] United Nations Climate Change Conference 2007 dilangsungkan di Nusa Bali pada tanggal 3-15 Desember 2007. Konferensi tersebut mengulas beberapa hasil pertemuan sebelumnya, seperti 13th Conference of the Parties to the UNFCCC (COP 13) dan 3rd Meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocl (MOP 3 atau CMP 3).
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